What changed recently

The 2026 living guideline updates the ADA's 2017 statement on potentially malignant oral disorders and now conditionally recommends against vital staining adjuncts such as toluidine blue for deciding on biopsy or referral, warning they can prompt unnecessary procedures or delay diagnosis. Conventional visual and tactile examination plus scalpel or punch biopsy with histopathology is reaffirmed as the standard pathway.

The 2023 ESE S3 guideline replaces the society's 2006 quality guidelines for endodontic treatment with formally graded recommendations for apical periodontitis, covering diagnostic accuracy, root canal instrumentation, irrigation and intracanal medicaments, aseptic technique and structured re-evaluation during and after treatment.

The 2023 ESE S3 guideline supersedes the society's 2006 quality guidelines for endodontic treatment, replacing consensus-based standards with graded, evidence-based recommendations. It shifts pulpitis management toward vitality preservation, covering deep caries management with and without pulp exposure and setting out treatment pathways for vital versus non-vital teeth alongside instrumentation, irrigation and filling material choices.

The 2019 EAPD update moves away from the lower-concentration paste previously advised for the youngest children and now recommends twice-daily brushing with 1000 ppm fluoride toothpaste from eruption of the first tooth, dosed by age - a rice-grain amount up to age two and a pea-sized amount from two to six. It also stresses that parents supervise or perform brushing until at least age seven.

The 2016 IDSA update revised the 2009 guideline by promoting echinocandins to preferred initial therapy for candidaemia in non-neutropenic patients, with fluconazole demoted to an alternative for selected, less critically ill patients because of azole resistance. Oropharyngeal candidiasis retained topical agents or oral fluconazole as first line, while echinocandins were positioned as intravenous options for oesophageal disease when oral therapy is not possible.

The 2013 ADA recommendations update the 2006 recommendations on professionally applied topical fluoride and broaden the scope to prescription-strength home-use products. They endorse 2.26% fluoride varnish or 1.23% APF gel, or home-use 0.05% fluoride gel/paste or 0.09% fluoride rinse, for patients at elevated caries risk aged six and over, while for children under six only 2.26% varnish is recommended.